In South Africa’s climate, pool cracks are a common concern, often due to environmental conditions, ground movement, or maintenance issues. These cracks can range from minor surface imperfections to deeper structural concerns, each requiring different repair methods to ensure the pool’s long-term durability. Here’s a guide to understanding and addressing pool cracks.
1. Soil shifting and settling
Soil movement, particularly in areas with expansive or clay-heavy soil, is one of the main causes of pool cracks. When the ground beneath or around a pool shifts, it can lead to settling or uneven pressure on the pool’s structure, resulting in cracks. Soil shifting is often influenced by weather changes, underground water flow, or the natural settling of new construction, which can place stress on the pool walls and foundation.
More information about the price of swimming pool repair can be found in our cost guide.
2. Water chemistry imbalances
Improperly balanced water chemistry can also contribute to pool cracks. Incorrect pH levels and other chemical imbalances can weaken the pool surface and contribute to structural stress. Low pH levels, for example, can cause concrete and plaster to degrade, making the pool more susceptible to cracks. Regularly monitoring and adjusting water chemistry is essential to protect the pool’s structural integrity.
3. Extreme temperature changes
Temperature fluctuations can significantly impact pool surfaces. Exposure to the sun and extreme temperature swings cause expansion and contraction in pool materials, which may lead to cracking. For instance, concrete and plaster pools are particularly vulnerable to cracking if they are exposed to rapid heating and cooling cycles, as these materials expand and contract with temperature changes, potentially causing the surface to crack.
Rapid temperature fluctuations can lead to the expansion and contraction of pool materials, increasing the risk of cracks and highlighting the importance of consistent upkeep.
4. Surface vs. structural cracks
It’s essential to understand the difference between surface and structural cracks when evaluating pool damage. Surface cracks, often called “crazing,” affect only the top layer of the pool surface and are generally cosmetic. However, if left untreated, these can lead to more significant issues. Structural cracks, by contrast, penetrate deeper into the pool’s foundation and are usually responsible for leaks or more extensive damage. Distinguishing between these types of cracks allows for appropriate repair methods to ensure lasting durability.
5. Repair options for surface cracks
Surface cracks are usually easier to repair and may not require major intervention. Common repair solutions include sealants, pool putty, and epoxy fillers, which help fill in cracks and restore the pool’s appearance. These products are typically easy to apply and are effective in preventing further deterioration of the surface. Surface crack repairs generally involve cleaning the area, applying the filler, and smoothing it for a seamless finish.
6. Repair options for structural cracks
Structural cracks require more comprehensive repair methods, as they affect the pool’s overall stability. Common solutions include concrete injection, which involves injecting a bonding agent into the crack to fill and reinforce it. Resurfacing and re-plastering are also options if the structural damage is extensive. These repairs require professional assistance to ensure proper bonding and long-lasting results, as structural cracks can lead to water leakage and safety concerns if not adequately addressed.
Read another one of our articles on swimming pools, which talks about the top 5 solutions for preventing algae growth in pools.
7. Preventative measures
To prevent cracks from forming in the first place, several preventative measures can be taken. Soil stabilization around the pool can help prevent ground movement and settling, reducing stress on the pool’s structure. Regular water testing and adjustment of pH levels prevent chemical imbalances, protecting the pool’s surface and reducing the likelihood of cracks due to structural stress.
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